Ki jingma kiba bun kin wan lada tih ia u uranium

Dr. Bremley Wanbantei B LyngdohOctober 16, 2020

Ha kine ki sngi mynta kala don ka jingiakren ba khluit bha halor ka jingorpait bad jingpei jong ki uranium ore tank kiba don ha Nongbah Jynring ha South West Khasi Hills District. Te kum u samla uba wad bniah shaphang ka imlang shalang kaba ia dei bad ka mariang (social scientist and environmental economist) nga sngew ba ka long ka kamram jong nga ban pynpaw bad kdew ia ki jingshisha baroh ha la ki jong ki briew ia ki jingsniew bad jingma jong ka bih radiation kaba mih naka jaboh uranium. Nga la wan peit hi dala ki khmat lajong bat nga shem ba baroh saw tylli kita ki tank ba thep ia ka jaboh uranium ki lah pei bat orpait shisha. Nga lap ruh ba ka radiation level ka long kaba khliah palat palat hajan ka tank kaba lai, bat ka jingthew ha u Geiger counter ka poi haduh 1092 Count Per Minute (CPM) kumba long hapoh ki nuclear reactor.    

Mynta pat ngan batai bniah halor ka phang jingtih uranium. U uranium u long uwei na ki mar pohkhyndew uba khia tam. U long u jait mar u bym neh, uba kylla rong bad kylla dur haduh 14 sien. Ha kane ka jingkylla dur jong u, u la nang rit nang rit haduh ynda kylla sisa. Ha kane ka jingkylla dur u pynmih pat ia kata ka bor ka bym lah ban iohi da ka khmat kaba ki khot ka Atomic Radiation. Ka pynmih ruh haduh kumba 12 jait ki mar radioactive ki bym neh ki bym lah ban iadie iathied. La tip ia ki kum ki uranium decay products. Kine ki dei kiba la kyntait (waste) hadien ba la tih ia u uranium. Uwei na kita kiba la kyntait u long uba long bih bha uba ki khot u radon, bad kiwei pat ki khot ki radioactive solids.

Ki mat kiba shyrkhei haka jingtih uranium ki long kine:

1. U uranium bad ki bynta jong u kiba ia snoh lang kiba la tep sha ramew la wan rah sha sla pynthei.

2. Ka jingmih jong ka radon gas na ki par uranium kaba pynioh pang cancer.

3. Ki jaboh jabain kiba la kyntait na ka jingtih uranium ki don ruh kumba 12 jait ki radioactive materials.

4. Ym lah ban pynbiang jaka buh kaba paka ia kine ki jaboh ba la kyntait na ka jingtih uranium kaba lah ban iada na ka jingktah ia ka mariang, ka um, ka lyer, ka khyndew, ki jingthung jingtep, ki dohkha, ki mrad bad ia ki briew ruh kumjuh.

Kiba sniew tam na kine ki jaboh kiba la kyntait na jingtih uranium ki long u thorium (230), u radium (226), ka radon gas (222) bad ka polonium (210). Lada ia une u shyiap radioactive la shu ieh ha khyndew bad ynda la tyrkhong bha ka lyer ka lah ban rah kylleng sawdong, ka lah ban rung sha ki jingthung jingtep, sha ki jingbam jingdih, lane ka lah ban rah sha ki wah, ki pung bad kan pynlong bih ia ki baroh bad um long ban dih shuh ia kato ka um.

U thorium (230), u mar kyntait uba don ka jingim kaba jrong tam u neh da ki spah hajar snem – kaba mut shi junom. Une u mar kyntait uba long bih iaka met jong u briew bad u ktah nyngkong ia ki dkhot met kiba shapoh jong u briew kum u dohnud bad ia u ksang. U pynmih ruh ia ka jingpang leukaemia bad kiwei de ki jingpang snam. U thorium (230) u kylla dur biang ban pynmih ia u radium (226) uba la pynmih pat sa ia ka radon gas (222).

Uwei na kiba shyrkhei tam na ki mar ba la kyntait na ka tih uranium u dei u radium (226). U long u kynja mar uba khia uba don ka bor radioactive ban pynmih ia ka alpha gas. U radium (226) u don ka jingiasyriem ia u calcium hynrei lada nguid u krih sha ki shyieng, sha ki bniat bad sha ki glands pynmih dud. U lah ruh ban rung sha ki jingthung jingtep.

Khambun na ka radon gas (222) la tep jylliew shapoh ki maw kiba don shapoh ka khyndew, hynrei ynda la tih ia ka khyndew bad la sei ia kito ki maw bad la pynpait ia ki, kane ka radon gas ka la mih noh ban leit ia khleh bad ka lyer. Ki nong trei par uranium ki ring mynsiem ia kane ka lyer kaba don ka bor kaba khlian ban thaw cancer. Haba iai ring mysiem ia kane ka lyer bih, ka sa thaw cancer ha ki tor.

Ki jakhlia jakhlaid na ka jingtih uranium kiba tip kum ki tailings, ki pynmih ia ka radon gas lyngba ka jingkylla dur jong u radium (226). Kane ka lyer bih ka lah ban her da ki hajar kilometer tang ha ki khyndiat sngi. Kumta ko ki nongshong shnong ym don mano mano ba lah ban lait na ka jingiaid lynti kane ka er bih namar ha ka jingiaid jong ka, ka iai pynhap ia ka solid radon ha kyndew kaba ngam sha ka um bad ktah ia ki jingthung jingtep. Ka radon gas (222) ka lah ban iakhleh noh ha ka um bad ka ngam pat shaduh ka tyllong um kaba dong shapoh ka khyndew bad sha ki pung ki wah duid, bad ka pynlong bih ia ki.

Ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingpynmih ia ka bor nuclear ha ri India, la buhrieh lut baroh ia ka jingshisha kaba ktah ia ka jingim jong u luk u lak, bad kaba lah ban sngewthuh tang da ki kyndiat ngut ki riewstad. Namar kata ka daw, u paidbah India um lah ban sngewthuh ia ka jingma jong ka jingstad nuclear. Kumta ngi dei ban hikai ia ki briew jong ngi shaphang ka jingma jong ka jingstad nuclear. Donkam ban da bishar bniah biang ia ka rukom khein ka UCIL haka jingktah ia ka mriang ha kaba ia die bad ka Nalgonda uranium project. Ka long ka bymdon jingmytoi ei ei lada shu aiti ia kane ka kam ha ki briew kiba khmih lynti tang ia ki grant bad ia ki jingioh myntoi na ka Department jong ka Atomic Energy. Nalor nangta ka long ka bym iahap ban shu ia khleh jaktung lang ia ka jingpyndom kam bor nuclear na ka bynta ban shna bomb bad ban pynmih ding electric. Kane ka jingleh lymmuh ha kaba iadei bad ba bor nuclear ka la pyntyrkhong ia ki funds na ka bynta ban pynmih bor ding na ka um, bad na kiwie pat ki lad kiba khuid kum na ka sngi, na ka lyer bad na ki jingat phyllung na duriaw. Ka bor ding kaba ioh na ka um ka lah ban ai ruh ia kiwei ki jingmyntoi nalor ka bording, kum ka um dih, ka jingpyniaid ia ki lieng bad ka jingri dohkha. Kine ki long ki ban pynkhlian ia ka jingroi ha ka ioh ka kot.

U Buddhikota Subbarao, PhD ha ka jingstad nuclear, uba long ruh u Captain jong ka Indian Navy mynshuwa bad kum u advocate jong ka Supreme Court, u la shem ba ka Nalgonda uranium project ka la pynmih bun ki jingma kiba ktah ia ki briew jong ka district bad ha kiwei ruh ki jaka jong ka Andhra Pradesh. Namar kine ki mar radioactive ki rung sha ka khyndew, sha ka um, sha ki jingthung jingtep, ki mrad, ki dohkha bad sha ki briew ruh, kaba la pynmih ia ka jingjot ka bym lah shuh ban pynbha. U sngew khia na ka bynta ki briew jong ka Nalgonda, bad u ai jingmut ba ym dei ban shu ieh ba kin kylla long ki nongshem jynjar sah jong ka jingpyndonkam thurmur ia ka plan ban pynioh 20,000 MW hapoh ka snem 2020 da kaba pyndonkam ia ka bor nuclear. U ngeit ba kane ka Nalgonda uranium project ka long pyrshah ia ka mon ka jong ki briew bad ia ka mariang. Nga ia mynjur bad ka jinglap bashisha jong une u stad nuclear namar nga lah da leit jngoh hi da ladei ia ka Nalgonda district bad ia kren ruh bad ki briew hangto.

Mynta ngin ia phai pat ia ki jingjia sha kiwei pat ki ri jong ka pyrthei kiba la shah ktah jur na ka daw jong ka jingtih uranium. Kaei kaba la jia ha ri Australia na ka jingtih uranium kaba la neh haduh 47 snem kaba la ktah jur ia ka mariang bad ia ki nongshong shnong kiba don sawdong jong ka Radium Hill mine ha South Australia. Ka la ktah jur ruh ia ka Emu Plains bad Maralinga kaba la poi shaduh u pud ban pynkynriah shnong noh ia ki trai shnong kiba nyngkong (aboriginal), na ka bynta ban test ia ki nuclear bomb khnang ban lah ban pynbiang ia ka jingdonkam bor nuclear jong ka ri Bilat.

Ha ri America pat ka jingtih uranium ha Texas naduh u December 1954, ha ka jaka kaba ki khot ka Karnes County kaba don 50 mile shah thei lam mih ngi jong ka San Antinio kaba la neh haduh kumba 30 snem ka la ktah jur ia ki nongshong shnong sawdong jong ka South Texas uranium province bad ia ki jingri jingdup baroh. Ha ka shnong jong ki Navajo Indian pat kaba don hapdeng ka New Mexico bad Arizona la pynsangeh noh mardor ia ka jingtih bad jingpyntrei uranium naduh 29 tarik u April, 2005. Hadien ba la mynjur da ka Navajo Nation Council, u President Joe Shirley Jr. u la soi ban pynlong ain kaba ki khot ka Dine Natural Resources Protection Act (DNRPA) 2005. Kane ka ain ka ong ba yn um don shuh mano mano ruh ban tih bad pyntriekam uranium ha kino kino ki jaka kiba hap hapoh ka Navajo Indian Nation. La pynshong nongrim ia kane ka ain haka Fundamental Law jong ka Dine.

Ka Dr. Rosalie Berthell na ri Canada, ka stad nuclear ba pawnam tam ha pynthei, ha ka jingwad bniah jong ka, ka la lap ba 2 tylli ki tribe (Hopi bad Navajo) kiba heh duh ha ri America ki la iap haduh 1,50,000 na ka daw jong ka jingtih uranium bad jing test ia ki bomb nuclear. Nalor kine 2,00,000 ngut ki shipai ka ri America ki la duh noh la ka jong ka jingim. Ka sorkar America ka la hap siew bailut haduh Rs. 22,50,000 ia uwie pa uwie u briew uba la shah ktah na kane ka jingjia. Haduh katno pat ka sorkar India ka lah ban siew bailut ia ki tribal kiba la shah ktah ha kum kane ka juh ka jingjia?

Ki stad scientist jong ka ri Russia kiba pawnam, ki la pyntikna bad pynshngain ia ki briew kiba shong ha Chernobyl ba kan ym don jingma ei ei ruh ban thep ia ki jaboh jabain (nuclear waste) ha ka top sisa kaba heh bah kaba ki la shna kyrpang. Hynrei kaba sngewsih ka long ba hadien ba la dap ka jaboh, kata ka top ka la bthei kynsan kum u bomb bad ka jingtap kaba heh bah jong ka, ka la her sha ki lyoh. Ka tdem bad ka ding kum ka leilieh ka la mih na kata ka jingbthei bad ka la pyniap haduh 80,000 ha ka shi khyllipmat. Kam kut tang katta, bad hapoh 10 snem hadien jong kata ka jingjia ka la ktah sa ia ki 50,00,000 ngut ki briew kiba shong sawdong jong kata ka jaka. Lada jia ha Meghalaya kumba la jia ha Chernobyl, ka jaitbynreiw jong ngi kan sa duh jait syndon na ka pyrthei.

Na kine ki jingjia baroh wat ha ki ri kiba la shai bad pawnam ha pyrthei kiba la pynmih bun ki riewstad nuclear kiba la pyntikna bad pynshngain ia ki briew ha la ki jong ki jong ki ri, hynrei kaba mih ka long tang ka jingiap bad ka jingjot kaba shyrkhei! Haduh katno pat ki stad scientist jong ka ri India ki lah ban ai jingshngain bad jingiada ia ki briew ha ri jong ngi?

Da kaba pynshong nongrim halor ki jingshisha kiba nga la kdew haneng bad ki sakhi kiba shai kiba nga la pynpaw, nga nud ban pynkut ba ka jingtih uranium ka long kaba pyrshah ia ka mon ka jong ki briew bad ka ban pynjot ia ka mariang. Ki don ki sakhi kiba shai kdar ba ha ka jingtih uranium kaba tikna ka long ba ngim lah lait na ka jingktah radioactive bad jingpynjot ia ka mariang. Namar kata ko ki para nongshong shnong wat nym shah pynbiej ha ki khwan myntoi, namar ba ka jaboh jabian kaba la kyntait na ka jingtih uranium ka don ka bih kaba shyrkhei bad kaba neh shyrta. Namar kata ngan nym hun haba nga la tip ia ka jingshisha ban shu sngap bad ban shu peit kai halor kine ki jingjia, katba ki briew ha ki nongkyndong kin shu iap kai ha ki jingjynjar bad ba ka jingitynnad jong ka maraing yn pynjot junom ban ioh ia ka jing angnud ia ka bor nuclear jong ka UCIL.

Ka long ruh kaei kaie ka bym lah ban mutdur ba kin don bun ngut ki khwan myntoi kiba don haka sorkar jong ka ri jong ngi mynta, kiba kwah ban pynpait ia ka jaitbynriew jong ngi bad kiba nud ban die tat ia ka jingim ki briew ba lui lui bad ban pynjot ia ka jingitynnad jong ka mariang tang namar ban pyndap ia la ki jong ki pla. Ha ba nga pyrkhat nga da sngew lyngoh shisha, shano kin kit ia kata ka pisa. Hato kin sngew hun mo man ba kut ka sngi haba ki shet kylla iala ki jong ki briew bad ban bthat noh ia ka lawie ka jong ki? Nga sngewkhia ka mnysiem ruh namar ba ki nongialam jong ki jingiaseng bapher bapher ha ka ri jong ngi ki shu sngap tlip na daw aiu ruh ngim tip. Balei mo kim ong ei ei halor kane ja jingma jong ka jingtih is u uranium? Bun ki parabangeit kiba pule ia ka Bible ki tip ba la khot ia ki Christian baroh haka kitab Genesis ban iada ia ka mariang bad ia baroh ki kingthaw bakyrpang jong U Blei. Hato ngin su ia kut noh tang da kaba ia rwai bad ia duwai ka jingiaseng hynrei ngim nud ba leh ei ei na ka bynta ka burum jong U Blei U nongthaw jong ngi ban iada ia ka ri kaba kyrpang kaba U la ai ia ngi?

Ko Samla ka Ri bad ki nongshong shnong to kyndit bynriew bad to leh ei ei noh mynta katba dang don por. Shu mut dur maphi kan myntoi aiu ban ia pien ia ka pisa da ka jingim jong phi. Namar kata nga khot ia phi baroh ki Samla ka Ri bad ki nongshong shnong kiba don ka jingtip briew tip Blei ban ieng rangbah ban pyrshah ia kane ka jingshyrkhei bad ka jingleh lymwir jong ki nongialam jong ngi da kaba phi pynpaw ia ka jingsngew khia da ki kam lada phi pyrkhat iala ki jong ki khun ki kti bad ia ka lawei jong ki. Nga da kyrpad kyrpang ruh ia ki khun samla ka ri jong ngi kiban long ki nongialam jong ka lawei kiba don ha kylleng sawdong ka state jong ngi, bad shabar ka ri ban ia tylli lang kawie ban ia klet noh ia ki jingiapher baroh, bad ban shim ia ka rai kaba stad bad kaba da bishar bniah. Haba pynkut nga kwah ban kyntu ia ki nongthaw ain jong ngi ba kin da pyrkhat bun sien shuwa ban ai ia ka rai khatduh halor kane ka kam, namar tang shu bakla, ka lawei jong ki khun ki ksiew jong ngi kan long kaba artatien.